Abstract
The present study used receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis to investigate the accuracy of body composition and raw bioelectrical impedance analysis (BIA) in correctly classifying disordered eating attitudes (DEA) in dance students. Participants were 81 female dancers assigned in two groups: beginner training (BT; age (mean ± SD) = 10.09 ± 1.2 years, n = 32) and advanced training (AT; age = 15.37 ± 2.1 years, n = 49). Fat mass (FM) was estimated by Slaughter’s equation and skeletal muscle with Poortman’s equation. Impedance (Z), resistance (R), reactance (Xc) and phase angle (PhA) were obtained through multifrequency BIA at a frequency of 50 kHz. Fat-free mass (FFM) was assessed using Sun’s equation. For evaluation of DEA, the Eating Attitudes Test-26 (EAT-26) questionnaire was performed. We defined an EAT-26 score ≥ 20 as positive for DEA. Comparisons between groups were performed by a one-way ANOVA test or Kruskall-Wallis test. Spearman’s rank correlation coefficients were performed to assess associations between variables. ROC curve analysis was utilized to test the accuracy of body composition and BIA variables in predicting DEA. In the BT group, Xc and PhA demonstrated high accuracy in predicting DEA with an area under the curve (AUC) of 0.976 (95% confidence interval (CI): 0.85–1.00) and 0.957 (95% CI: 0.82–0.99), respectively, (both p < 0.0001). FFM Sun had an AUC of 0.836 (95% CI: 0.66–0.94) (p < 0.0001) in the BT group and FFM Slaughter was 0.797 (95% CI: 0.66–0.90) (p < 0.001) in the AT group. Reactance and Phase angle were excellent and useful predictors of DEA in the BT group.
Highlights
Eating disorders (EDs) are psychiatric illnesses involving alterations in eating habits and their complications focus on nutritional and body composition disorders [1]
Bioelectrical impedance analysis (BIA) is a common method to assess body composition based on the relationship between total body impedance and total body water
With regard to the Eating Attitudes Test-26 (EAT-26) subscales, only bulimia showed statistically significant differences (p = 0.004), and with respect to the BIA variables, significant differences were seen in R (p = 0.0007), Xc (p = 0.015) and phase angle (PhA) (p = 0.004) (Table 1)
Summary
Eating disorders (EDs) are psychiatric illnesses involving alterations in eating habits and their complications focus on nutritional and body composition disorders [1]. These EDs range from non-clinical eating disorders such as body image disorders [2] to severe clinical forms such as bulimia. EDs such as anorexia nervosa and bulimia produce well-known effects on body composition, including a decrease in fat (FM), fat-free mass (FFM), total body water (TBW) [1], and a decrease in bone mineral density [5,6]. BIA is an inexpensive method used to estimate body composition and nutritional status in both healthy and ill individuals [8].
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