Abstract
Motion sickness is a common central nervous system response, the primary sign of which is vomiting. Its susceptibility varies between individuals. To find predictive factors, we investigated the association of ADRA2A rs1800544 and HTR3B rs3758987 with motion sickness susceptibility and examined their mRNA changes during actual voyages. A total of 315 healthy college students were enrolled for SNP genotyping by the PCR-RFLP method. Blood samples were collected from another 42 subjects during two separate voyages to detect their mRNA expression changes at three time points. The frequency of the rs1800544 GG genotype in the susceptibility group was significantly higher (52.26%), and allele G increased the risk of motion sickness (OR = 1.585, 95% CI = 1.136–2.208). In the logistic regression model, the rs3758987 CC+TC genotype and rs1800544 GG genotype increased the risk of motion sickness-induced vomiting (OR = 2.105, 95% CI = 1.112–3.984; OR = 1.992, 95% CI = 1.114–3.571). The ADRA2A mRNA baseline was lower in the GG carriers and the HTR3B mRNA baseline was lower in the TC/CC carriers before sailing, then increased significantly within 24 h and then decreased after a long-term voyage. People carrying the rs1800544 GG genotype seem more susceptible to motion sickness. In combination with the incidence of vomiting during the actual-voyage experiments, our results indicate the involvement of rs1800544 and rs3758987 in motion sickness-induced vomiting.
Highlights
Motion sickness (MS) is a central nervous system (CNS) response to an unfamiliar motion stimulus, which can be provoked by a variety of transport environments
In the logistic regression model, the rs3758987 CC+TC genotype and rs1800544 GG genotype increased the risk of motion sickness-induced vomiting (OR = 2.105, 95% CI = 1.112–3.984; OR = 1.992, 95% CI = 1.114–3.571)
A total of 315 samples were enrolled for the single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) genotyping analysis because of the hemolysis, among other reasons
Summary
Motion sickness (MS) is a central nervous system (CNS) response to an unfamiliar motion stimulus, which can be provoked by a variety of transport environments. It is denominated by the form of provocative environments, such as seasickness, carsickness, airsickness, space sickness, simulator sickness, and virtual reality sickness, among others, and the most serious form is seasickness [1]. The passive motion signals transmit to the vestibular nuclei, and through the cerebellum to diverse areas of the central and peripheral nervous systems, resulting in different symptoms [4,5,6]. The development of MS varies with the stimulus intensity and individual susceptibility, which is thought to be a result of genetic–environment interaction [9]
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