Abstract
BackgroundSeveral studies have analyzed the association of body mass index (BMI) with either the prevalence or incidence of type 2 diabetes (T2D), but no study from Europe or North America has yet analyzed and compared the association of BMI with both incident and prevalent T2D cases.MethodsStratified logistic regression was used to calculate odds ratios (OR), and stratified Cox proportional hazards regression was used to calculate hazard ratios (HR) of the effect of BMI on the prevalence, and incidence of T2D. Wald chi-square statistics were applied when comparing the risk estimates.ResultsAmong prevalent T2D cases, overweight women (BMI 25–29.9 kg/m2) had an OR of 2.83 (95% confidence interval [CI], 1.92-4.18) and obese women (BMI ≥30 kg/m2) had an OR of 12.12 (95% CI, 8.32-17.68) when compared with normal weight women (BMI <25 kg/m2). Among incident T2D cases, overweight women had a HR of 5.01 (95% CI, 3.59-6.98) and obese women had a HR of 15.99 (95% CI, 11.39-22.46) when compared with normal weight women. After stratification by level of physical activity, and adjustment for age, smoking status, and education level, the Wald chi-square statistic for BMI was 180.90 for prevalent T2D cases, and 262.03 for incident T2D cases.ConclusionThe predictive effect of BMI was found to be stronger for T2D incidence than T2D prevalence.
Highlights
Several studies have analyzed the association of body mass index (BMI) with either the prevalence or incidence of type 2 diabetes (T2D), but no study from Europe or North America has yet analyzed and compared the association of BMI with both incident and prevalent T2D cases
There is ample evidence that obesity is a major risk factor for T2D, as obesity is associated with the rise of insulin resistance in the body, resulting in the development of T2D [3,4,5,6]
T2D prevalence was assessed in 33,919 women, of whom 204 were classified as prevalent T2D cases
Summary
Several studies have analyzed the association of body mass index (BMI) with either the prevalence or incidence of type 2 diabetes (T2D), but no study from Europe or North America has yet analyzed and compared the association of BMI with both incident and prevalent T2D cases. T2D is largely the result of excess body weight and physical inactivity [2]. There is ample evidence that obesity is a major risk factor for T2D, as obesity is associated with the rise of insulin resistance in the body, resulting in the development of T2D [3,4,5,6]. The Nord-Trøndelag Diabetes Study showed a diabetes prevalence of 0.6% and 2.0% for women aged 40–49 and 50–59 years, respectively, in 1984–1986 [7], and the Nord-Trøndelag Health Survey (HUNT) showed a prevalence of 0.9% and 2.1%, respectively, in 1995–1997 [9].
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