Abstract
The decrease of emissions from vehicle operation is connected mainly to the reduction of the car’s body weight. The high strength and good formability of the dual phase steel grades predetermine these to be used in the structural parts of the car’s body safety zones. The plastic properties of dual phase steel grades are determined by the ferrite matrix while the strength properties are improved by the volume and distribution of martensite. The aim of this paper is to describe the relationship between the mechanical properties and the parameters of structure and substructure. The heat treatment of low carbon steel X60, low alloyed steel S460MC, and dual phase steel DP600 allowed for them to reach states with a wide range of volume fractions of secondary phases and grain size. The mechanical properties were identified by a tensile test, volume fraction of secondary phases, and grain size were measured by image analysis. It was found that by increasing the annealing temperature, the volume fraction of the secondary phase increased, and the ferrite grains were refined. Regression analysis was used to find out the equations for predicting mechanical properties based on the volume fraction of the secondary phase and grain size, following the annealing temperature. The hardening mechanism of the dual phase steel grades for the states they reached was described by the relationship between the strain-hardening exponent and the density of dislocations. This allows for the designing of dual phase steel grades that are “tailored” to the needs of the automotive industry customers.
Highlights
For reasons of environmental protection, an increased emphasis has been placed on the reduction of exhaust emissions from car use in recent years
The range of annealing conditions within the temperatures of AC1 –AC3 applied to commercially available low carbon steel X60 (A), low-alloyed steel S460MC (B), and dual phase steel Dual phase steel grades (DP) 600 (C) were allowed to reach a wide range of microstructure states, with a martensite volume between 20.4% and
In determining the volume fraction of ferrite and martensite, the ferrite fraction was evaluated as the dominant phase, while the sum of all other phases represents the fraction of the secondary phase particles (FSP)
Summary
For reasons of environmental protection, an increased emphasis has been placed on the reduction of exhaust emissions from car use in recent years. The reduction in vehicle weight is considered to be one of the decisive factors for improving fuel consumption and reducing emissions [1,2]. The considerable potential for vehicle weight reduction is hidden in the body, which accounts for about. In the segment of middle and lower vehicle classes, the base material is steel. In the higher-end segment, the concepts of an aluminum-based light alloy body or a combined body of steel, aluminum, and composite materials are applied. When aluminum alloys or composite materials are applied, the weight reduction is achieved, even at the expense of higher costs
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