Abstract
The fracture of single roots during removal from the soil was predicted using a force and deflection analysis in which roots were considered as conical cantilevers. Horizontal loads applied to a root were considered to be resisted by soil reaction forces which were predicted by a narrow tine force model, modified to account for root shape and anchorage conditions. To provide data to validate the model, field measurements were made of horizontal root restraining forces, displacements and associated root fracture for a range of root and soil conditions. A measure of agreement between predicted and measured values of root fracture length was obtained but the model overestimated fracture lengths probably because soil reaction forces were overestimated.
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