Abstract
BackgroundChronic low back pain is one of the most common musculoskeletal disorders in different countries. AimsThis study aimed to predict the chronicity of nonspecific acute and nonspecific low back pain (LBP) and related risk factors among cases referred to physiotherapy clinics. DesignA case-control and cross-sectional study. SettingsTwo physiotherapy centers in Tehran, Iran. ParticipantsThis study included 502 patients with acute, subacute and chronic LBP. MethodThis study included 502 patients with acute, subacute and chronic LBP. Data were obtained using the Fear-Avoidance Beliefs Questionnaire, Patient Health Questionnaire, Pain Catastrophic Scale, Tampa Scale for Kinesiophobia, Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index, Walker's Health-Promoting Lifestyle Questionnaire, Roland Morris Disability Questionnaire, and Numerical Pain Rating Scale. Data analysis was performed by applying independent sample t test, χ2, and multiple logistic regression in SPSS software version 25. IBM Amos version 22 was used for path analysis. ResultsIt was found that some demographic parameters (i.e., weight, BMI, job, type of occupational task performance, history of low back pain, work shift, underlying diseases and income), some cognitive parameters (i.e., fear-avoidance beliefs, kinesiophobia, catastrophic pain, and depression), some lifestyle parameters (i.e., health responsibility, physical activity, and interpersonal relationships), sleep quality and pain related disability were among the most critical risk factors in the chronicity of acute and subacute LBP (p < .05). ConclusionsPersonal, psychological, and psychosocial parameters can be among the most critical predictors in the chronicity of acute and subacute nonspecific LBP. Hence, paying attention to all the mentioned factors at the beginning of patients' treatment to create a targeted treatment algorithm and prevent the conversion of acute and subacute into chronic LBP has particular importance.
Highlights
Chronic low back pain (CLBP) is one of the most widespread and costly musculoskeletal disorders in different countries that people of any age can experience many times [1, 2]
The study of the occupational task during working times showed that 30% of the participants have a sitting task, 31.9% have a standing task, 15.2% have manual material handling (MMH), 4.1% have exposure to whole-body vibration (WBV), and hand-arm vibration (HAV), 6.1% have repetitive movements and 12.7% have twisting and bending movements in the lumbar region
Examination of patients' demographic parameters according to type of LBP revealed that there was a significant difference between age, weight, BMI, job, work experience, working hours per day, type of work shift, education level, monthly income level, type of occupational task, history of previous LBP, history of underlying diseases and the type of LBP in the subjects (P
Summary
Chronic low back pain (CLBP) is one of the most widespread and costly musculoskeletal disorders in different countries that people of any age can experience many times [1, 2]. According to the definition of the international association for the study of pain (IASP), the pain felt in the lumbar or sacral region of the spine is called low back pain (LBP) [3]. Studies have shown that in five to 30% of cases, acute and sub-acute LBP turns into chronic pain [8]. Chronic low back pain is one of the most common musculoskeletal disorders in different countries that people of any age can experience many times. This study aimed to predict the chronicity of non-specific acute and subacute LBP and related risk factors among cases referred to physiotherapy clinics
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