Abstract
Electron microscopy has been used to show that the precipitation of niobium carbide at the grain boundaries of an austenitic stainless steel can occur in a spatially non-random fashion. Preferential nucleation and growth of carbides occurs on grain-boundary defect structures. Where present, these defect structures include extrinsic grain-boundary dislocations and topographical discontinuities. An example of the precipitation of niobium carbide on an intrinsic dislocation array is also shown.
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