The Practice of Reservoir Engineering

Abstract

Preface. About the Author. Nomenclature. Chapter 1 Introduction to Reservoir Engineering. Activities in reservoir engineering. Basic themes of the text. The role of reservoir engineers. Technical responsibilities of reservoir engineers. The physical principles of reservoir engineering. References. Chapter 2 The Appraisal of Oil and Gas Fields. Introduction. Pressure-volume-temperature fluid properties for oil. Calculation of the stock tank oil initially in place. Field unitization/equity determination. Calculation of gas initially in place(GIIP). Pressure-depth plotting. Application of the repeat formation tester. Pulse testing using the repeat formation tester. Appraisal well testing. Extended well testing. References. Chapter 3 Material Balance Applied to Oilfields. Introduction. Derivation of the cumulative material balance for oil reservoirs. Necessary conditions for application of material balance. Solving the material balance (knowns and unknowns). Comparison between material balance and numerical simulation modelling. The opening move in applying material balance. Volumetric depletion fields. Water influx calculations. Gascap drive. Compaction drive. Conclusion. References. Chapter 4 Oilwell Testing. Introduction. Essential observations in well testing. Well testing literature. The purpose of well testing. Basic, radial flow equation. Constant terminal rate solution of the radial diffusivity equation. The transient constant terminal rate solution of the radial diffusivity equation. Difficulties in application of the constant terminal rate solution of the radial diffusivity equation. Superposition of CTR solutions. Single-rate drawdown test. Pressure buildup testing (general description). Miller, Dyes, Hutchinson (MDH) pressure buildup analysis. Horner pressure buildup analysis. Some practical aspects of appraisal well testing. Practical difficulties associated with Horner analysis. The influence of fault geometries on pressure buildups in appraisal well testing. Application of the exponential integral. Pressure support during appraisal well testing. Well testing in developed fields. Multi-rate flow testing. Log-log type curves. Conclusions. References. Chapter 5 Waterdrive. Introduction. Planning a waterflood. Engineering design of waterdrive projects. The basic theory of waterdrive in one dimension. The description of waterdrive in heterogeneous reservoir sections. Waterdrive under segregated flow conditions (vertical equilibrium). Waterdrive in sections across which there is a total lack of pressure equilibrium. The numerical simulation of waterdrive. The examination of waterdrive performance. Difficult waterdrive fields. References. Chapter 6 Gas Reservoir Engineering. Introduction. PVT requirements for gas-condensate systems. Gas field volumetric material balance. The dynamics of the immiscible gas-oil displacement. Dry gas recycling in retrograde gas-condensate reservoirs. References. Subject Index.