Abstract
How and why does Oman maintain an independent foreign policy that is neither allied, neutral, nor dependent? Previous arguments have emphasized the importance of Oman’s location and culture or the personality of Sultan Qaboos (reigned 1970‐2020). However, relying on geographical factors overlooks the Sultanate’s dependence on the United Kingdom under Sultan Sa‘id (r. 1932‐70), while focusing on the personality of the late Qaboos underassesses continuities in policy under his successor, Haitham (r. 2020‐). In this article I argue that Qaboos’s promotion and preservation of international partnerships in suppressing the Dhofar Rebellion in the 1970s shaped – and have sustained – Oman’s statecraft.
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