The Potential Use of Orange and Banana Peels to Minimize the Toxicological Effects of Silver Nanoparticles in Oreochromis Niloticus

Amr Adel Abdel-Khalek,Wafaa S.F Hasheesh,Aliaa Hamed

doi:10.1007/s00128-022-03488-5

Amr Adel Abdel-Khalek, Wafaa S.F Hasheesh + Show 1 more

Open Access

https://doi.org/10.1007/s00128-022-03488-5

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Abstract

To evaluate the effectiveness of orange peels (OP) and banana peels (BP) in reducing the toxicity of silver nanoparticles (Ag-NPs), Oreochromis niloticus were exposed to Ag-NPs, Ag-NPs + OP, and Ag-NPs + BP for 24, 48, and 96 h. Time-dependent toxicological impacts of Ag-NPs were recorded. The maximum Ag accumulation was in hepatic and renal tissues after 96 h. A marked decrease in red blood cell count, hemoglobin content, hematocrit ratio, and mean corpuscular hemoglobin concentration was observed after 48 and 96 h of Ag-NPs exposure. Silver accumulation resulted in severe histological alterations (ex: congestion, vacuolization, and necrotic degeneration) in gills, livers, and kidneys. The adsorptive capacity of both peels could reduce the bioavailability of Ag-NPs as indicated by decreased Ag content in tissues, insignificant change in the hematological parameters with control groups, and regressive histological alterations based on the frequency of alterations’ existence and the extent of affected parts.

Highlights

The toxicological impacts of metallic nanoparticles (NPs) in aquatic bodies are still questionable compared to other aquatic pollutants (Khan et al 2018)
There was a significant decrease in Ag accumulation levels in Orange peels (OP) and banana peels (BP) treated groups at all studied time intervals
While the hematological results of fish that were exposed to Ag-NPs with OP, and Ag-NPs with BPs showed insignificant changes compared to the control fish at all studied periods

Summary

Introduction

The toxicological impacts of metallic nanoparticles (NPs) in aquatic bodies are still questionable compared to other aquatic pollutants (Khan et al 2018). Orange peels (OP) and banana peels (BP) residues can be processed and converted to be biosorbents (biological materials used to eliminate contaminants passively from the surrounding environment) due to their chemical composition (cellulose and other polysaccharides richness), large surface areas, high swelling capacities, and excellent mechanical strengths that give them a great potential to adsorb harmful contaminants (Annadurai et al 2003; Kelly-Vargas et al 2012) In this regard, the present approach has two simultaneous aims (1) evaluating the accumulation potency of Ag-NPs and their effects on different hematological and histological biomarkers in O. niloticus (2) using OP and BP as biosorbents to reduce Ag-NPs’ bioavailability in water and, their toxicity

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