Abstract
• Cold-bonded artificial lightweight aggregate was produced from biomass fly ash. • Strength of artificial aggregate was compared to expanded clay aggregate. • Artificial aggregates could be applied as reinforcement for lightweight concretes. This paper explores the potential use of various types of biomass fly ash (FA); palm oil (P-FA), wood chip (W-FA), bagasse (BA-FA), and rice husk (R-FA), as raw material for lightweight aggregate formed by cold-bonded pelletization (CBP) for the first time. The results suggest it is possible to form 756–881 kg/m 3 lightweight aggregate with 20.30–28.84% water absorption, using FA and 10% Portland cement type 1 (PC). Single pellet crushing strength of 4–8 mm BA-FA and W-FA aggregates were 272.97 N and 194.82 N, making it comparable in strength to a commercially available ECA. The high strength of CBP aggregates was attributed to the SAI values, SiO 2 and Al 2 O 3 content of the ashes. Compressive strength of lightweight concrete reinforced with CBP biomass ash aggregate was found to be as high as 19.65 MPa.
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