The Potential Role of Probiotics in Controlling Overweight/Obesity and Associated Metabolic Parameters in Adults: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.

Zhi-Bin Wang,Shan-Shan Xin,Li-Na Ding,Xian-Dang Zhang,Wen-Yu Ding,Chang-Qing Liu,Yan-Li Hou

doi:10.1155/2019/3862971

Abstract

Background The prevalence of overweight/obesity in adults is raised to 39%, which is nearly tripled more than 1975. The alteration of the gut microbiome has been widely accepted as one of the main causal factors. To find an effective strategy for the prevention and treatment of overweight/obesity, a systematic review and meta-analysis were designed. Methods In this study, we systematically reviewed the article published from January 2008 to July 2018 and conducted a meta-analysis to examine the effects of probiotics on body weight control, lipid profile, and glycemic control in healthy adults with overweight or obesity. The primary outcomes were body weight, body mass index (BMI), waist circumference, fat mass, fat percentages, plasma lipid profiles, and glucose metabolic parameters. Results We systematically searched PubMed, Embase, and the Web of Science and identified 1248 articles, and 7 articles which were manually searched by the references of included studies and previously systematic reviews. Twelve randomized controlled trials (RCTs), including 821 participants, were included in the meta-analysis via full-text screening. Probiotics supplementation resulted in a statistical reduction in body weight (WMD [95% CI]; -0.55 [-0.91, -0.19] kg), BMI (WMD [95% CI]; -0.30 [-0.43, -0.18] kg m−2), waist circumference (WMD [95% CI]; -1.20 [-2.21, -0.19] cm), fat mass (WMD [95% CI]; -0.91 [-1.19, -0.63] kg), and fat percentage (WMD [95% CI]; -0.92 [-1.27, -0.56] %) compared with control groups. As expected, the metabolic parameters were improved significantly, with a pooled standardized mean difference in TC (SMD [95% CI]; -0.43 [-0.80, -0.07]), LDL-C (SMD [95% CI]; -0.41 [-0.77, -0.04]), FPG (SMD [95% CI]; -0.35 [-0.67, -0.02]), insulin (SMD [95% CI]; -0.44 [-0.84, -0.03]), and HOMA-IR (SMD [95% CI]; -0.51 [-0.96, -0.05]), respectively. The changes in TG (SMD [95% CI]; 0.14 [-0.23, 0.50]), HDL-C (SMD [95% CI]; -0.31 [-0.70, 0.07]), and HbA1c (SMD [95% CI]; -0.23 [-0.46, 0.01]) were not significant. Conclusion This study suggests that the probiotics supplementation could potentially reduce the weight gain and improve some of the associated metabolic parameters, which may become an effective strategy for the prevention and treatment of obesity in adult individuals.

Highlights

Overweight/obesity is one of the most widespread chronic diseases around the world with the character of excessive energy intake and insufficient energy expenditure [1, 2] and with an elevated risk of several chronic diseases, including type 2 diabetes, hyperlipidemia, hypertension, and cancer [3,4,5]
We systematically reviewed the article published from January 2008 to July 2018 and conducted a meta-analysis to examine the effects of probiotics on body weight control, lipid profile, and glycemic control in healthy adults with overweight or obesity
The general characteristics of the 12 included studies are presented in Table 1, of which 7 studies included participants who consumed two or multiple strains of probiotics, and 5 studies included participants who consumed a single strain of probiotics. 7 studies investigated a high dosage of probiotics (>1010 CFU) and 5 studies investigated lower dosage of probiotics (

Summary

Introduction

Overweight/obesity is one of the most widespread chronic diseases around the world with the character of excessive energy intake and insufficient energy expenditure [1, 2] and with an elevated risk of several chronic diseases, including type 2 diabetes, hyperlipidemia, hypertension, and cancer [3,4,5]. As a kind of active microorganism, the probiotics regulate the intestinal microecosystem, improve the gut microecosystem and the host energy metabolism, and reduce the chronic inflammation and oxidative stress [4, 8, 9] These studies indicate that probiotics may play a role in the prevention and treatment. To evaluate the obesity controlling effect of probiotics, we conducted the systematic review and meta-analysis on the correlation of probiotics and plasma lipid profiles, glucose metabolic parameters. We systematically reviewed the article published from January 2008 to July 2018 and conducted a meta-analysis to examine the effects of probiotics on body weight control, lipid profile, and glycemic control in healthy adults with overweight or obesity. This study suggests that the probiotics supplementation could potentially reduce the weight gain and improve some of the associated metabolic parameters, which may become an effective strategy for the prevention and treatment of obesity in adult individuals

Methods

Results

Discussion

Conclusion