The Potential of West Sumatran Dadiah as The Novel to Alleviate Hyperglycemia, Hypercholesterolemia, and Reducing NF-kB Expression in Nephropathy Diabetes Rat Model

Abstract

Diabetic nephropathy (DN) is the most common microvascular complication in diabetes mellitus (DM) patients. The main mechanism for the development of DN is an inflammatory reaction as indicated by increased expression of NF-kB in kidney tissue due to chronic hyperglycemia and hypercholesterolemia. Hyperglycemia is related to changes in the composition of the microbiota which can cause dysbiosis. The therapeutic approach in DM sufferers using probiotics needs attention. Dadiah is a naturally fermented buffalo milk product in bamboo tubes. Even though this probiotic has health benefits, its mechanism as an antidiabetic is not widely known. This study aims to reduce blood sugar, cholesterol, and inflammatory marker NF-kB levels after Dadiah treatment. This study was an experimental animal study using 7 groups, each group of 6 rats, 8 weeks of intervention, and evaluation of serum glucose and cholesterol every 2 weeks. NF-kB expression in kidney tissue was examined after 8 weeks of the termination phase. We examined their effect on blood glucose levels, serum cholesterol, and NF-kB antibody expression in kidney tissue using immunohistochemical assays. probiotic metabolites in intraperitoneal Alloxan-induced diabetic rats 100 mg/kg b. w. The results showed the potential of Dadiah and its metabolites to significantly (one-way ANOVA test) reduce hyperglycemia and serum cholesterol and inhibit oxidative stress by reducing NF-kB expression in kidney tissue after treatment. Dadiah probiotics should be considered as a nutritional companion in DN and as a future therapeutic target for DM patients to prevent the development of microvascular complications and hypercholesterolemia. HIGHLIGHTS Dadiah is a naturally fermented buffalo milk product in bamboo tubes. Dadiah (Probiotic) originating from West Sumatra, Indonesia acts as an antidiabetic. Dadiah and its metabolites significantly reduced hyperglycemia and serum cholesterol and inhibited oxidative stress by reducing NF-kB expression in kidney tissue after treatment. Dadiah probiotics should be considered as a nutritional companion in diabetic nephropathy and as a future therapeutic target for DM patients to prevent the development of microvascular complications and hypercholesterolemia. GRAPHICAL ABSTRACT