Abstract

Aim To develop turmeric extract-loaded chitosan microparticles for treating gastrointestinal disorders. Methods The microparticles were prepared using a spray-drying process, optimised the characteristics by biomarker loading, and encapsulation efficiency, and assessed for bioactivities related to gastrointestinal diseases. Results The optimised microparticles were spherical, with a mean diameter of 2.11 ± 0.34 µm, a SPAN of 4.46 ± 0.68, a zeta potential of +37.6 ± 0.2 mV, loading of 15.7% w/w curcuminoids, 5.4% w/w ar-turmerone, and encapsulation efficiency of 63.26 ± 1.62% w/w curcuminoids and 43.75 ± 1.33% w/w ar-turmerone. Encapsulation of turmeric extract improved release at 6 h by 20 times and mucoadhesion by 3.6 times. The microparticles exhibited high acid-neutralising capacity (1.64 ± 0.34 mEq/g) and inhibited nitric oxide production about twice as effectively as the turmeric extract, while maintaining antioxidant and antibacterial activities. Conclusion Encapsulation of turmeric extract in chitosan microparticles effectively enhanced therapeutic potential for gastrointestinal disorders.

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