The potential of Spent Substrate of Oyster (Pleurotus ostreatus) dan Shiitake (Lentinula edodes) Mushrooms to Control Damping-off Disease (Rhizoctonia solani) in Tomato

Abstract

Spent mushroom substrates are potential for controlling plant diseases. This study examined the abilities of spent substrates of Shiitake ( L. edodes ) and Oyster ( P. ostreatus ) mushrooms to inhibit the growth of R. solani in vitro and control damping-off disease in tomato seedling. The in vitro experiment examined the abilities of water extract of spent mushroom substrate non-sterile and sterile to inhibit the pathogen using poisonous food method. In the nursery experiment, substrates were mixed with the planting medium, 1:1, 1:2, and 1:3 (v/v). The result showed that the water extract of spent substrates of L. edodes and P. ostreatus inhibited the growth of R. solani by 29.1% – 40.6%. Non sterile water extract of spent substrate of P. osteratus showed highest inhibition level (40%). In tomato nursery, mixing spent substrates of L. edodes or P. ostreatus with planting medium 1:2, and 1:3 (v/v) inhibited damping-off disease in tomato seedling by 57.5% - 100%. Application of P. ostreatus spent substrate in the planting medium, 1:2 and 1:3 (v/v) resulted in 100% inhibition of the disease. Key words: tomato seedlings, water extract, spent mushroom substrate, in vitro