The potential of shifting residential energy consumption for the energy transition

Abstract

Purpose The purpose of this study is to analyse the contribution of shifting the load of household devices from periods of renewable energy underproduction to surplus periods in order to better match energy production and demand. Design/methodology/approach An optimisation model for load shifting of household devices is developed and analysed with the help of a simulation of energy loads for the year 2030 in Germany. Findings About 1.48% of the renewable surplus energy can be used in addition which equals total savings between €15.06m and €106.71m. However, 24.47% of the surplus periods can be compensated completely and 6.38% up to a level of 94%. Research limitations/implications A 100% diffusion of smart metres and devices and a high acceptance among consumers are assumed so that the results of this study present an upper bound for the contribution of household load shifting. Practical implications Load shifting of household devices provides only a small contribution and can only be one measure among others. It is crucial to find and invest in new energy storage systems so that more renewable spill-over energy can be used. Originality/value An optimisation model for load shifting is developed. Customer behaviour and devices are considered individually and not only a fixed percental share. Beside peak load periods also periods of renewable spill-over energy are considered.