The potential of physical activity and technology interventions to reduce anxiety in older adults

Abstract

BackgroundOlder adults have low levels of mental health literacy relating to anxiety, which may explain why they delay or do not seek help. Emerging evidence supports effectiveness of lifestyle interventions, including physical activity (PA), in reducing anxiety. The COVID-19 pandemic has highlighted technology's potential to facilitate healthcare provision. We explored older adults’ understanding of anxiety, perspectives on whether PA interventions could reduce anxiety, and whether technology could facilitate this. MethodsThe INDIGO trial evaluated a PA intervention for participants aged 60 years and above, at risk of cognitive decline, and not meeting PA guidelines at baseline. Twenty-nine trial completers attended follow-up semi-structured qualitative interviews. ResultsThematic analysis revealed participants’ diverse understanding of anxiety with some relating anxiety to worry, uncertainty and fear, as well as physical manifestations and feeling out of control, while others found the concept confusing. Participants generally thought that PA interventions could reduce anxiety through “mindful” and/or “physiological” processes. Views about technology were more polarised, possibly reflecting a “digital divide”. Participants expressed that technology could help with information provision, health monitoring and motivation. Participants were open to using wearable activity monitors, online platforms and portable devices. LimitationsParticipants had completed a PA intervention trial, had relatively high education levels and interviews were only conducted in English. ConclusionsResults highlight the importance of providing more information and education about anxiety to older adults to increase understanding and help-seeking. Findings also support likely acceptability of PA interventions for anxiety, with the option of technology as a facilitator.