Abstract
In the orthopedic field, the initial idea of gene therapy for gene correction moved quickly towards using gene transfer as a tool to deliver therapeutic genes into the joint. Already some 20 years ago, a Phase I clinical trial was initi‐ ated based on the use of a gene-modified cellu‐ lar therapy approach. Ex vivo-transduced fibro‐ blasts were injected in the metacarpophalangeal joints of patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) to deliver an IL‐1 receptor antagonist (IL‐1Ra). Encouraged by such studies in RA patients, many researchers are now taking fur‐ ther the aim of addressing osteoarthritis (OA) by gene therapy.
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