Abstract

This work aimed to investigate the possibility of using apple and blackcurrant pomace powders to produce biopolymer packaging films as one of the actions to minimize waste in a circular economy approach. The fragmented fruit powders of 10 µm did not form a continuous film structure, thus apple pectin at the concentration of 5% was used as a film-forming agent in combination with fruit pomace (10%) and glycerol as plasticizer (50% of pectin, 2.5 g). The pectin control films and those produced with the addition of fruit pomace differed in appearance and physical properties. The films with fruit pomace were characterized by a higher thickness and much darker color in comparison with transparent pectin films. Lightness (parameter L*) decreased from 87.24 to 21.09, and the film opacity increased from 1.03 to 17.14 A/mm, indicating the capacity of light adsorption. Fruit powder addition also affected mechanical resistance, and the films showed higher tensile strength (3.11%–6.72%) with lower elongation at break (5.11%–6.07%). Sorption and wetting analyses showed that fruit pomace-containing films had a lower capacity to absorb water. The water contact angle increased from 50.69 to 70.89°. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) allowed us to observe significant changes in the structure related to the film composition, which affected the surface roughness and obtained a more rigid film structure.

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