Abstract
PurposeHigh-risk prostate cancer is a potentially lethal disease that is increasing in the diagnosis of prostate cancer patients. Compared to other prostate cancer patients (medium or low risk), management, diagnosis and treatment are not as successful among high-risk patients. Because the genetic characterization of prostate cancer patients is increasing, we aimed to determine whether genetic information in one of the primary associated genes, such as RNASEL (2', 5'-oligoadenylate-dependent RNase L), could be used as a biomarker to improve the quality of life and treatment among high-risk patients. The main objective is to identify genetic variants of RNASEL that could be associated with high-risk prostate cancer to improve the clinical managing of these patients.MethodsA total of 231 prostate cancer patients were genotyped for 7 variants of RNASEL gene. Clinical information was obtained from medical examinations and genetic analysis (amplification and sequencing 7 variants of RNASEL gene) were performed by the researchers. Data were processed by statistical analysis (Chi square and logistic regression) using SPSS v.15.0.ResultsComparisons between genotypes and clinical characteristics of patients revealed that individuals with GG in D541E, AA in R462Q and AG in I97L in RNASEL gene were high-risk patients according to the European Urology Guidelines.ConclusionsGenotyping the RNASEL gene with routine diagnostic techniques could confer a more precise diagnosis of high-risk prostate cancer patients and increase the diagnostic accuracy above the current rate of 70% due to the relation between the genetic variants of RNASEL gene and the risk of this cancer.Electronic supplementary materialThe online version of this article (doi:10.1186/2193-1801-2-444) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
Highlights
Prostate cancer (PCa) is the most commonly diagnosed cancer among men worldwide, with almost one million new cases each year
Comparisons between genotypes and clinical characteristics of patients revealed that individuals with GG in D541E, AA in R462Q and AG in I97L in RNASEL gene were high-risk patients according to the European Urology Guidelines
Systemic therapy has a limited role in the treatment of localized prostate cancer, adjuvant androgen deprivation therapy (ADT) has yielded significant improvement in disease-free survival for men with high-risk features treated with definitive radiation and a significant overall survival advantage for men with Gleason scores of 8 or higher (Dorff et al 2011)
Summary
Prostate cancer (PCa) is the most commonly diagnosed cancer among men worldwide, with almost one million new cases each year. The exact definition of high-risk prostate cancer remains unclear. Today, according to the EAU (European Association of Urology) and AUA (American Urology Association) guidelines, radical prostatectomy is a reasonable treatment option for selected PCa patients with cT3a disease, Gleason Score 8–10, or PSA > 20 (Bastian et al 2012). It is clinically important to identify patients with high-risk PCa early on because they will benefit the most from curative therapy (Bastian et al 2012). Systemic therapy has a limited role in the treatment of localized prostate cancer, adjuvant androgen deprivation therapy (ADT) has yielded significant improvement in disease-free survival for men with high-risk features treated with definitive radiation and a significant overall survival advantage for men with Gleason scores of 8 or higher (Dorff et al 2011)
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