Abstract
ObjectiveTo identify the effect of self-management education programs on the changes of self-efficacy and the management of blood pressure (BP) in hypertensive patients. MethodsPubMed, Google Scholar, Scopus, Trip database, Proquest, and Embase were searched. Trials that had examined the effect of self-management education programs on self-efficacy, systolic BP (SBP) and diastolic BP (DBP) in hypertensive patients were selected. ResultsFourteen studies with 2239 participants were analyzed. Self-management education programs led to a statistically-significant increase in the self-efficacy of the participants (SMD: 0.71; 95% CI: 0.34–1.07; I2 = 94%; P < 0.001), as well as significant decrease in SBP (MD: −5.37 mmHg; 95% CI: −8.53 to −2.22; P < 0.001) and DBP (MD: −3.87 mmHg, 95% CI: −5.84 to −1.90; P < 0.001) compared to control groups. ConclusionThe findings indicated that self-management education programs can promote self-efficacy in hypertensive patients, possibly contributing to better management of BP. Practice implicationsAdoption of the self-management education program provides a basic concept to improve both quality and efficacy of strategies related to BP management. Policy makers should focus on improving self-efficacy via the implementation of policies useful for better educational outcomes concerning new technologies as well as appropriate theoretical methods.
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