The Potency of Dental Mesenchymal Stem Cells: A Short Review of the Literature

Marina Miteva

doi:10.15520/jcmro.v2i08.194

Abstract

There is a pool of nondifferentiated mesenchymal stem cells (MSC) in human dental tissues. These cells are capable in appropriate conditions to differentiate into various cell types. Dental MSC are ideal candidates for stem cell regenerative therapy. However, further research is required before their routine application in the clinical practice.

Highlights

Nondifferentiated stem cells are known to be presented all over the human body
They have a high potential of proliferation and differentiation into odontoblast-like cells, as they originate from nonmature dental structures that are still at very early stage of development [14]
2 REGENERATIVE POTENTIAL OF DENTAL MESENCHYMAL STEM CELLS: In the past years, there have been increasing number of reports revealing the potential application of mesenchymal stem cells (MSC) in the clinical practice [16, 17]

Summary

INTRODUCTION

Nondifferentiated stem cells are known to be presented all over the human body. Dental structures represent a promising source of stem cells due to the easy access and lack of legal considerations about the biomaterials collection. Several different types of dental mesenchymal stem cells (MSC) have been isolated and thorough investigation of their properties has been carried out [1] These are stem cells from dental pulp of permanent teeth (DPSCdental pulp stem cells) and temporary teeth (SHED-stem cells from human exfoliated deciduous teeth), periodontal ligament stem cells (PDLSC), stem cells from apical papilla (SCAP) and stem cells from pericoronal follicular tissues (DFSC-dental follicle stem cells) [1, 2]. - SCAP are isolated from the apical papilla situated on the root apices of developing teeth [14] They have a high potential of proliferation and differentiation into odontoblast-like cells, as they originate from nonmature dental structures that are still at very early stage of development [14]. Precursor cells capable of differentiating into cementoblasts, osteoblasts and periodontal ligament cells have been isolated from human dental follicle [15]

REGENERATIVE POTENTIAL OF DENTAL MESENCHYMAL STEM CELLS:

CONCLUSION