Abstract
Streptococcus mutans were competing Streptococcus sanguinis in biofilm formation. As pioneer colonizer, S. sanguinis were able to control S. mutans growth. This study was aimed to explore the ability of sucrose and non-sucrose cajuputs candies (SCC and NSCC) in maintaining the antagonistic relationship between the indigenous oral flora when they grew as dual-species biofilms (S. sanguinis and S. mutans). The flavored candies (SCC and NSCC) contained cajuput and peppermint oils as the flavor which the volatile compounds had been identified. The unflavored candies were made similar to the flavored candy but excluding the flavor. The flavored candies, unflavored candies, and the control were exposed in vitro to the biofilms. The biofilms were examined for biofilm inhibition capacity, DNA amount, and the expression level of spxB mRNA. The biofilm inhibition by flavored candies were higher than the unflavored ones and were significantly different compared to the control. The flavored candies managed to decrease the total DNA amount in the biofilm, but unflavored samples did not. The qPCR assays showed that the exposure of candies did not alter the proportion of S. sanguinis DNA to S. mutans DNA in the biofilms. Meanwhile, spxB mRNA expression indicated the ability of S.sanguinis to control S. mutans growth.
Highlights
Dental caries is one of the most common diseases in oral cavity (Somaraj et al, 2017; Eslami et al, 2016;)
This study was aimed to explore the ability of sucrose and non-sucrose cajuputs candies (SCC and Non-Sucrose Cajuputs Candy (NSCC)) in maintaining the antagonistic relationship between the indigenous oral flora when they grew as dual-species biofilms (S. sanguinis and S. mutans)
Sucrose Cajuputs Candy (SCC), unflavored sucrose candy, NSCC, and unflavored non-sucrose candy were evaluated for their effect on the dual-species biofilm formation
Summary
Dental caries is one of the most common diseases in oral cavity (Somaraj et al, 2017; Eslami et al, 2016;). Interaction among polymicrobial could lead to cases of dental caries (Becker et al, 2002; Kreth et al, 2005). Streptococcus sanguinis is a health-associated species (Percival et al, 2006; Kreth et al, 2005) and is considered as beneficial bacterium in regards to dental caries (Percival et al, 2006; Kreth et al, 2005; Magalhaes et al, 2016). Streptococcus mutans is the most commonly found species on dental caries (Oda et al, 2015) because it manages to grow in acidic environment and produces acidic compounds by fermenting carbohydrates (Percival et al, 2006; Becker et al, 2002; Kreth et al, 2005). S. sanguinis is able to antagonize S. mutans activity and protects the host from the negative effect of this opportunistic pathogen (Kreth et al, 2009)
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