The possibilities of the thrombodynamics test in predicting, diagnosing and monitoring the effectiveness of the treatment of venous thromboembolic complications in planned surgical interventions

Abstract

Introduction. The problem of venous thromboembolic complications after planned surgical interventions remains relevant and requires special research and analysis, which was the purpose of this work. Objective. To study and evaluate the possibilities of the thrombodynamics test for predicting, diagnosing, and monitoring the effectiveness of treatment of postoperative venous thromboembolic complications in planned surgical interventions. Materials and methods. In this study, we implemented the thrombodynamics test in parallel with ultrasound examination of the veins of the lower extremities and pelvis before planned surgery and in the postoperative period on 1–3, 7–9, 14–16, and 30 days in 120 patients with common surgical pathology (chronic calculous cholecystitis, external abdominal hernias, and varicose veins of the lower extremities) stratified into risk groups for postoperative venous thromboembolic complications. Results. It was revealed that, in the preoperative period, 16.6 % of patients have hypercoagulation at normal standard blood counts and 65 % of them are patients from a low-risk group of venous thromboembolic complications. In the postoperative period, the number of cases of hypercoagulation increased to 34.2 % due to elderly and senile patients from groups with an estimated moderate and high risk of venous thromboembolic complications. Deep vein thrombosis was detected in 18 (15 %) subjects (6 patients from each risk group) within 2–15 days after surgery and in all cases it developed in the presence of preoperative hypercoagulation. Conclusions. It is shown that the thrombodynamics test is highly informative in predicting, diagnosing and evaluating the effectiveness of venous thromboembolic complications treatment during planned surgical interventions.