The positivist and Annales schools: an analysis of their complex relationship

Abstract

Examining and scrutinizing historiographical paradigms are pivotal for the epistemology of historical studies, as fluctuations in the scientific discourse shape and echo through diverse interpretations within this intellectual domain. Hence, this study sought to dissect the intricate interplay between the positivist and Annales schools. This investigation is warranted by its potential to broaden the spectrum of understanding within historical epistemology, facilitated by exhaustive literature reviews and historiographical analyses. Notably, this study challenges the conventional dichotomy that portrays these two schools of thought as inherently antagonistic. The paper posits the following research query to elucidate this nuanced landscape: "To what degree do elements of synergy, antagonism, and rivalry manifest between the Annales school and the positivist school?" The overarching aim of this article was to unpack these multifaceted interactions using a qualitative exploratory approach, an extensive bibliography, and methodological and theoretical standards outlined in the literature by various scholars. A meticulous analysis was undertaken to gain relevant insights contributing to a coherent argument that addresses the central research question.