Abstract
BackgroundIt has been suggested that serum branched-chain amino acids (BCAAs) are associated with the incident, progression and prognostic of type 2 diabetes. However, the role of BCAAs in metabolic dyslipidemia (raised triglycerides (TG) and reduced high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C)) remains poorly understood. This study aims to investigate 1) the association of serum BCAAs with total cholesterol (TC), TG, HDL-C and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) and 2) the association between serum BCAAs levels and risk of metabolic dyslipidemia in a community population with different glucose homeostasis.MethodsDemographics data and blood samples were collected from 2251 Chinese subjects from the Huaian Diabetes Protective Program (HADPP) study. After exclusion for cardiovascular disease (CVD), serious hepatic or nephritic diseases and others, 1320 subjects remained for analysis (789 subjects with hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) > 5.7, 521 with HbA1c ≤ 5.7). Serum BCAAs level was measured by liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC MS/MS). The association of BCAAs with lipids or with the risk of metabolic dyslipidemia was analyzed.ResultsElevated serum BCAAs (both total and individual BCAA) were positively associated with TG and inversely associated with HDL-C in the whole population. These correlations were still significant even after adjustment for confounding factors (r = 0.165, p < 0.001 for TG; and r = -0.126, p < 0.001 for HDL-C). For reduced HDL-C, we found higher odds risk (OR) of Valine (Val) in high HbA1c group than in the low one (OR = 1.055, p < 0.001 vs OR = 1.032, p = 0.059). Compared with that in the first quartile, the multivariable-adjusted OR (95 % CI) of the 4th quartile of serum total BCAAs level for reduced HDL-C was 3.689 (2.325, 5.854) in high HbA1c group and 2.329 (1.284, 4.227) in low group, for raised TG was 3.305 (2.120, 5.152) and 2.972 (1.706, 5.176), and for metabolic dyslipidemia was 3.703 (2.261, 6.065) and 3.702 (1.877, 7.304), respectively (all p < 0.01).ConclusionElevated serum BCAAs level are positively associated with incident metabolic dyslipidemia. In addition, glucose homeostasis could play a certain role in BCAAs-related dyslipidemia.
Highlights
It has been suggested that serum branched-chain amino acids (BCAAs) are associated with the incident, progression and prognostic of type 2 diabetes
Compared with that in the first quartile, the multivariable-adjusted odds risk (OR) of the 4th quartile of serum total BCAAs level for reduced high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) was 3.689 (2.325, 5.854) in high Hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) group and 2.329 (1.284, 4.227) in low group, for raised TG was 3.305 (2.120, 5.152) and 2.972 (1.706, 5.176), and for metabolic dyslipidemia was 3.703 (2.261, 6.065) and 3.702 (1.877, 7.304), respectively (Fig. 3a, b)
Our data showed that in Chinese population, compared to normal glucose tolerance (NGT) subjects, individuals with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) or high HbA1c level (HbA1c > 5.7 %) had higher serum BCAAs level, and in the whole population of this study elevated serum BCAAs was positively associated with TG and inversely associated with HDL-C independent of fasting blood glucose (FBG)
Summary
It has been suggested that serum branched-chain amino acids (BCAAs) are associated with the incident, progression and prognostic of type 2 diabetes. It has been well documented that in patients with impaired glucose homeostasis are commonly accompanied with metabolic dyslipidemia characterized by raised triglycerides (TG) and reduced high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) [2, 3]. They are main risk factors of cardiovascular disease (CVD) which leads to elevated mortality and heavy societal burden. Many studies [4,5,6,7] have showed that elevated serum amino acids especially BCAAs level were associated with the onset of T2DM, which have provided a new potential interpretation for pathogenesis of T2DM, attracting worldwide attention
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