Abstract
1. 1. This review is concerned with the structure and function of avian eggshells with particular reference to the pores. Using the domestic fowl as an example, the first part of the review discusses the formation and fine structural features of an eggshell. Eggs of other species are then described to highlight the variety in shell structure. 2. 2. In the second half of the review functional aspects of eggshell porosity are considered; in particular, the exchange of gases across the eggshell. The concept that avian eggshells adapt to meet the demands imposed by the embryo and the particular nesting regime is discussed by considering adaptations to long incubation periods and unusual nesting environments. 3. 3. Finally, the review describes the possible ways in which a bird may regulate eggshell porosity.
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