Abstract
The sensitive detection of trace levels of heavy metal ions such as Pb2+ is of significant importance due to the health hazard they pose. In this paper, we present a polypyrrole (PPy)/multiwalled carbon nanotube (MWCNT)-modified Au microelectrode. The PPy/MWCNT composite film was electrochemically deposited on the microelectrode by cyclic voltammetry (CV). The composite film was investigated by scanning electron microscope (SEM), CV, and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS), and the results show that this film presents a uniformly distributed and web-like entangled structure and good conductivity. Differential pulse stripping voltammetry (DPSV) was applied to determine trace levels of Pb2+. Experimental conditions including accumulation time and deposition potential were optimized. In optimal conditions, the PPy/MWCNT-modified microelectrode performed sensitive detection of Pb2+ within a concentration range from 1 to 100 μg·L−1, and the limit of detection was 0.65 μg·L−1 at the signal-to-noise ratio of three.
Highlights
Toxic heavy metals are a growing threat to environmental chemistry and public health.There are numerous health problems caused by the exposure of humans to heavy metal ions (Pb2+, Cd2+, Hg2+, etc.)
Micromachines 2017, 8, 86 (MWCNTs) have the advantages of small size, large surface area, good conductivity, high sensitivity, and fast electron transport when used as electrode modifiers in electrochemical reactions; multiwalled carbon nanotube (MWCNT) have been commonly used in the fabrication and modification of various electrochemical sensors and biosensors in the past few years [5,6,7,8]
We present a polypyrrole (PPy)/MWCNT-modified Au microelectrode for the electrochemical detection of Pb2+
Summary
Toxic heavy metals are a growing threat to environmental chemistry and public health. There are numerous health problems caused by the exposure of humans to heavy metal ions (Pb2+ , Cd2+ , Hg2+ , etc.). The trace detection of heavy metal ions such as Pb2+ in water is essential for human health and environmental safety [2]. Various kinds of nanomaterials have been modified on the surface of electrodes to increase sensitivity and efficiency of the determination of heavy metal ions. (MWCNTs) have the advantages of small size, large surface area, good conductivity, high sensitivity, and fast electron transport when used as electrode modifiers in electrochemical reactions; MWCNTs have been commonly used in the fabrication and modification of various electrochemical sensors and biosensors in the past few years [5,6,7,8]. We use the PPy/MWCNT modified microelectrode, achieving the electrochemical detection of Pb2+. The electrochemical characteristics were examined, and the experimental conditions of DPSV were optimized for the detection of Pb2+
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