Abstract
ABSTRACT The article follows the evolution of administrative discourse on the identification of people in Martinique after the abolition of slavery. Censuses, internal passports, workers’ booklets and immigration cards provide a specific perspective from which to study the connections between labour, mobility and the construction of ‘race’. Beyond their apparent neutrality, these technologies drive vast governmental projects. Drawing on archive materials, the article tracks the ambitions, limits and social conflicts which characterized the politics of identification between 1852 and 1880. The interlocking histories of internal mobility and international migration are considered from the standpoint of identification practices, showing their relevance for the understanding of notions of ‘citizenship’ and of ‘assimilation’.
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