Abstract
This paper presents the experimental results of modulation and heating of the ionosphere using the European Incoherent Scatter facility in Troms ϕ, Norway, heating facility. The frequency characteristics of the excited extremely low frequency (ELF)/very low frequency (VLF) radiation sources in the amplitude modulated (AM) and dual-beam beat-wave (BW) modes are compared, and the polarization of the horizontal ELF/VLF magnetic field received at 15 km from the heating facility is studied. The results show that in the AM mode, the amplitude of the ELF/VLF signal decreases as the radiation frequency increases when the amplitude of the ELF/VLF signal reaches the maximum at 2017 Hz. In the BW mode, the maximum appears at 2017 Hz, but the overall amplitude of the ELF/VLF signal increases as the radiation frequency increases. The AM and BW modes have different frequency characteristics on ELF/VLF radiation sources formed by modulation and heating of the ionosphere. When the frequency is low, the amplitude of the ELF/VLF signal excited by the AM mode is greater than that excited by the BW mode, but as the frequency increases, the BW mode performs better than the AM mode. Under the same background conditions, the polarization characteristics of the ELF/VLF radiation signals excited by the AM and BW modes are different. The former tends to produce circularly polarized waves, while the latter produces linearly polarized waves.
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