The Pillar Peach Tree and Growth Habit Analysis of Compact × Pillar Progeny

Abstract

Abstract Branch growth of compact (CT) and “Pillar” (PI) peach [Prunus persica (L.) Batsch.], a columnar growth type, and progeny of CT × PI was analyzed. PI trees were distinguished from CT trees by narrower branch angles and relatively fewer and longer branches. CT × PI hybridization produced two distinct classes of trees in a 1:1 ratio—globe shape (GL) and upright (UP). GL trees had a large number of branches, resembling CT trees, but had narrower branch angles. UP trees resembled PI trees, but with wider branch angles. Analysis of seedling growth at 1, 2, and 3 months indicated that height and number of lateral branches could be used to classify UP and GL mature tree form. Branch angle measured at 2 months was important in distinguishing GL from CT seedlings. Such measurements on young seedlings may be used for early selection of growth habit. The reported results indicate that peach tree form, in respect to branching density and branch angle, can be readily manipulated through hybridization of the appropriate growth types. The columnar form of the PI tree suggests its potential for high-density production systems and its use as a parent in developing narrow canopied trees.