The phytoconstituents and the comparative effects of aqueous extract of Irvingia gabonensis seeds and proviron on the biochemical parameters of male guinea pigs

Abstract

Objective To investigate the phytochemical screening and the effects of the aqueous extracts of the seeds of Irvingia gabonensis on the biochemical parameters of male guinea pigs. Methods The biochemical parameters were assayed using Randox Diagnostic kits, Phenolphthalein method and colorimetric method. The phytochemical screening was carried out using standard procedures. Results Phytochemical investigations revealed the presence of flavonoids, tannins, carbohydrate, alkaloids, terpenoids, steroids, volatile oils, saponins and cardiac glycosides. The aqueous extract of Irvingia gabonensis seeds (50–400 mg/kg) caused a statistically significant (P<0.05 ANOVA) decrease in the levels of total cholesterol, urea, uric acid, total protein, prostatic, alkaline, and acid phosphatases. The highest reduction effect was obtained with uric acid at 400 mg/kg of Irvingia gabonensis extract while the least effect was observed in total cholesterol. These effects were dose-and time-dependent. Conclusions This shows that the seeds of Irvingia gabonensis have hepatoprotective, nephroprotective and cardio protective properties. The study therefore, supports the claims on the use of the seeds of this plant by traditional medicine practitioners as a hepatoprotective and nephroprotective agent. Although further studies need to be done to isolate, identify and characterize the active principles in the seeds of this plant.