The physical and mechanical properties of laterite gravels from southeastern Nigeria relative to their engineering performance

Abstract

Laterite gravels are used extensively as aggregates for highway construction, concrete making and fills in SE Nigeria. This paper presents results of laboratory investigations carried out to evaluate the physical and mechanical properties of these gravels. High mechanical strength, as measured by aggregate crushing (AC), and Los Angeles abrasion (LAA) values were found to be significant factors controlling the performance. Results indicate that significant correlations exist between these and specific gravity, water absorption and angularity of the gravels. No clear distinction in physical and mechanical properties could be found between the laterite gravels formed over sandstones and shales, indicating perhaps that effects of parent rock on the physical and mechanical nature of laterite gravels is of secondary importance. It is proposed that laterite gravels with AC and LAA values in the range of 30–40% and 34–45%, respectively and 10% fines value of between 8 and 4 tonnes be used only for medium and light trafficked roads. Those with AC and LAA values of less than 30% and 34%, respectively and 10% fines value of greater than 8 tonnes can be used for heavily trafficked roads, provided that acceptable gradation, plasticity limits (on the fines) and other construction specifications are met.