Abstract
The currently available methods of fixation of prints on textiles are reviewed and the influence of the reactivity, diffusion coefficient and substantivity of reactive dyes on their behaviour in printing is described. It is shown how the suitability to the various fixation methods and the stability in alkaline printing paste of reactive dyes can be correlated with the values of reactivity, diffusion coefficient, and substantivity measured by simple techniques. Changes that can be made to the reactivity of a dye by modification of its structure or its application conditions are also illustrated. The influence of hydrolysis of reactive dyes and of breakage of the dye–fibre bond during processing on the fixation achieved is discussed and a method is developed enabling the actual rate of reaction of reactive dyes with cellulose to be calculated.
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