Abstract
In order to reveal the effects of dopant average valence on the photocatalytic performance, Ta and Rh co-doped Ti0.96Ta0.04−xRhxO2 (x = 0, 0.008, 0.016, 0.02, 0.024, 0.032, and 0.04) samples were crystallized at 450 °C and 800 °C, respectively; then the 800 °C crystallized x = 0.02 sample was subsequently reduced in the H2/N2 mixture gases at 600, 700, 800, and 900 °C. Under different processing conditions, Ta remains the valence of +5, while the valence of Rh varies. Rh exhibits Rh3+ and Rh4+ in the 450 °C crystallized samples and is completely oxidized to Rh4+ in the 800 °C crystallized samples. In the reduced samples, Rh exists in the forms of Rh, Rh3+ and Rh4+. The optimal photocatalyst is obtained as the ratio of Rh3+/Rh4+ is 2.11 or the average valence of doped Ta and Rh is closest to the +4 valence of substituted Ti.
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