Abstract
The tin mining had caused ecological changes that can be occured to macro- and microecosystem. This article aims to study the pattern distribution of element of phosphorus (P) and sulphur (S) and also to identify culturable bacterial that were isolated form ex-tin mining ponds in time chronosequence. The elemets of P and S were detected by X-Ray Fluorescence (XRF) and the bacterials was isolated in medium agar and biochemistry identification by microbact. The concentration of element of P and S showed the average of P concentration increased in time chronosequnce of ex-tin mining ponds, whereas the average of S concentration showed dynamic pattern. In ex-tin mining pond with age < 1 year the average concentration of P was 33,725 mg.L-1 and S was 311,45 mg.L-1. In ex-tin mining pond with age 5-10 years were P (59,8 mg.L-1) and S (451,75 mg.L-1). In ex-tin mining pond with age > 15 years were P (67,44 mg.L-1) and S (386,125 mg.L-1). While, the culturable bacterials were Kurthia spp; Actinobacillus equuli; Bacillus amyloliquefaciens; Bacillus spp; Micrococcus sp; Enterobacter gergoviae; Veillonella sp; Enterobacter aerogenes; Moraxella bovis; Nitrobater spp; and Enterobacter agglomerans.
Highlights
Tin mining activity had contributed to ecological problems
The soil changes by tin mining activity caused a degradation of soil composition, structure, quality, and physical or biological characteristics, and changes of macro and microorganisms in their natural habitats (Kurniawan et al, 2016)
The other problem was a formation of ex-tin mining ponds and consequectly, the ponds become a reservoir of water
Summary
Tin mining activity had contributed to ecological problems. The soil changes by tin mining activity caused a degradation of soil composition, structure, quality, and physical or biological characteristics, and changes of macro and microorganisms in their natural habitats (Kurniawan et al, 2016). The characteristics of waters showed acidic pH value and often highly acidic (pH < 4) (Kolmert and Jhonson, 2001), low dissolved oxygen (Ashraf et al, 2011), heavy metals accumulation (Daniel et al, 2014), and low cation exchange capacity, organic matter, nitrogen, phosphorus, macronutrient, and clay content in soil texture (Oktavia et al, 2014). This condition caused the waters can not be used for primary activities. It can be used to determine the eco-management of ex-tin mining ponds
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