Abstract
The article reviews various theories of laughter on the basis of their conventionally accepted classification. Their substantive intersections, especially significant for A. F. Losev and L. V. Karasev, are revealed. This leads us to the conclusion that there can be as many emotions and meanings expressed by laughter as there are hypotheses about what laughter points to. This conclusion drew our attention to the essential qualities of laughter, regardless of its objects, forms, and purposes: virtuality and eventuality. The theories of M. Bakhtin, M. T. Ryumina, and G. Deleuze are considered in connection with these concepts. Specific attention is paid to the concept of laughter by J.-L. Nancy, which, while not excluding the ideas of the previously listed authors, as well as J. Derrida's and M. Heidegger's, is original in that it presents laughter as a presence, an autonomous event or affect, which is capable of being expressed in text and speech.
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