The phenomenon of desertification and its effects on reducing agricultural areas in Babylon Governorate

Abstract

Desertification is an environmental phenomenon and it is a clear reflection of the conditions of climate and irrigation drought and it is a widespread phenomenon in Babel Governorate and many governorates in Iraq and what contributes to the expansion of the desertification region is the scraping of orchards and trees inside cities which strip these cities of their greenness beauty and purity of their air which It exposes its environment to various risks not the least of which is the imbalance in the environment and the loss of productive lands, and this is very important in carrying large financial burdens represented by the costs of connecting electric energy services potable water and municipal services, with the accompanying provision of these services in light of the government deficit.It from violating the laws but rather extends to the recovery of corruption and corrupt people in the process of seducing citizens as it turns into residential neighborhoods that cannot be legally connected to these services. There is no doubt that the phenomenon of desertification in the province of Babel exacerbated for several reasons the foremost of which was the decrease in water levels from neighboring countries that despite their economic relations are in their interest but they do not give Iraq its water share fairly as Iran worked to build dams on the rivers and tributaries linking the two countries and formed A decrease “in the amount of water entering Iraq by ( 80 % ) in addition to the successive dry seasons for decades in addition to the decrease in the efficiency of the watering process due to the aging of water pumps and the failure to introduce technology in this process and these factors as a whole have increased the proportion of lands exposed to desertification to ( 74 % ) of the space group.The total allocated to agriculture. The study in this research dealt with three topics included the first topic presented the research problem the research hypothesis the limits of the research area the goals of the research and some concepts about desertification ad the second topic included natural factors that contribute to the spread of desertification and the third topic human factors and the agricultural situation in the province and methods of combating desertification Then proposals recommendations and sources. The research included a set of maps tables and pictures that illustrate some of the effects of desertification in the province.