The phenomenon of conservative-perturbed equilibrium in conditions different reactors

Abstract

Finding the optimal mode is a conceptual problem. The most important indicator that reflects the perfection of a chemical reactor is the intensity of the process in it.
 The phenomenon of conservatively perturbed-equilibrium (CPE) in the conditions of different types of reactors (in acyclic and cyclic systems) was studied: the ideal displacement reactor ("steady-state plug flow reactor, PFR") and the ideal mixing reactor ("steady-state continuous stirred tank reactor, CSTR").
 For the acyclic reaction, the time of extremum onset was less in CSTR by ≈2.1%, but the concentration of substance B in the extremum in PFR was greater by ≈17.2% than in CSTR. For the cyclic reaction, the time of extremum onset was less in CSTR by ≈5.6%, but the concentration of substance B in the extremum in PFR was greater by ≈11.6% than in CSTR. For the acyclic and cyclic reaction in PFR, the time of occurrence of the extremum of the cyclic reaction was lower by ≈44.2% than in the acyclic, but the concentration of substance B in the extremum of the acyclic reaction was greater by ≈24.8% than in the cyclic reaction. For the acyclic and cyclic reaction in CSTR, the time of occurrence of the extremum of the cyclic reaction was lower by ≈46.2% than in the acyclic, but the concentration of substance B in the extremum in the acyclic reaction was greater by ≈18.9% than in the cyclic reaction. The cyclic system showed a shorter time for the onset of the extremum, but the acyclic reaction system showed a higher concentration of substance B at the extremum in PFR and CSTR. Although the time of extremum onset was the lowest in CSTR in the cyclic system, the concentration of substance B in the extremum was highest in the PFR in the acyclic system. Therefore (from our systems and reactors) the acyclic system in PFR shows the best characteristics. 
 The extremum in transient modes is always observed for acyclic and cyclic complex reactions in both reactors, both in PFR and in CSTR. The phenomenon of conservatively perturbed-equilibrium is manifested in both PFR and CSTR. With the same rate constants, the acyclic system in PFR is characterized by higher values of "over equilibrium" conversion than the acyclic system in CSTR. Similarly, with the same rate constants, the cyclic system in PFR is characterized by higher values of "over equilibrium" conversion than the cyclic system in CSTR.
 The time of extremum onset is less in CSTR. This is true for acyclic and cyclic systems.
 The greater the difference between the initial concentrations of the two substances, the greater the "over equilibrium" concentration of the third substance, the initial concentration of which was equilibrium. 
 At our values of kinetic parameters, the sensitivity of the time of occurrence of the extremum of the same reaction in different reactors (PFR and CSTR) is small (up to ≈5.6%), and at different reactions (acyclic and cyclic), but in one type of reactor (PFR or CSTR) - significant, reaching ≈46.2%.