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Abstract
The phase stability of epsomite under a high temperature and high pressure were explored through Raman spectroscopy and electrical conductivity measurements in a diamond anvil cell up to ~623 K and ~12.8 GPa. Our results verified that the epsomite underwent a pressure-induced phase transition at ~5.1 GPa and room temperature, which was well characterized by the change in the pressure dependence of Raman vibrational modes and electrical conductivity. The dehydration process of the epsomite under high pressure was monitored by the variation in the sulfate tetrahedra and hydroxyl modes. At a representative pressure point of ~1.3 GPa, it was found the epsomite (MgSO4·7H2O) started to dehydrate at ~343 K, by forming hexahydrite (MgSO4·6H2O), and then further transformed into magnesium sulfate trihydrate (MgSO4·3H2O) and anhydrous magnesium sulfate (MgSO4) at higher temperatures of 373 and 473 K, respectively. Furthermore, the established P-T phase diagram revealed a positive relationship between the dehydration temperature and the pressure for epsomite.
Highlights
In recent decades, hydrated sulfates have attracted a large amount of interest due to their great importance in exploring the interior structure of icy satellites, such as Europa, Ganymede and Callisto.It was widely reported that hydrated sulfates might be dominant minerals in the interior of these icy satellites, which was proved by the infrared spectral result collected from the Galileo spacecraft [1,2].In addition, the discovery that anhydrous sulfates occur in carbonaceous chondritic meteorites provides evidence for the existence of hydrated sulfates in the icy mantle of satellites, and these hydrated sulfates can be formed during the accretion of icy satellites [3]
The discovery that anhydrous sulfates occur in carbonaceous chondritic meteorites provides evidence for the existence of hydrated sulfates in the icy mantle of satellites, and these hydrated sulfates can be formed during the accretion of icy satellites [3]
In consideration of the high-pressure and high-temperature environment in the interior of these icy satellites, it is possible that these hydrated sulfates undergo a series of pressure-induced phase transitions and dehydration reactions
Summary
In recent decades, hydrated sulfates have attracted a large amount of interest due to their great importance in exploring the interior structure of icy satellites, such as Europa, Ganymede and Callisto.It was widely reported that hydrated sulfates might be dominant minerals in the interior of these icy satellites, which was proved by the infrared spectral result collected from the Galileo spacecraft [1,2].In addition, the discovery that anhydrous sulfates occur in carbonaceous chondritic meteorites provides evidence for the existence of hydrated sulfates in the icy mantle of satellites, and these hydrated sulfates can be formed during the accretion of icy satellites [3]. In recent decades, hydrated sulfates have attracted a large amount of interest due to their great importance in exploring the interior structure of icy satellites, such as Europa, Ganymede and Callisto. It was widely reported that hydrated sulfates might be dominant minerals in the interior of these icy satellites, which was proved by the infrared spectral result collected from the Galileo spacecraft [1,2]. In consideration of the high-pressure and high-temperature environment in the interior of these icy satellites, it is possible that these hydrated sulfates undergo a series of pressure-induced phase transitions and dehydration reactions. As a representative magnesium (Mg)-bearing hydrated sulfate for epsomite (MgSO4 ·7H2 O), the investigation into its optical and electrical properties under a high pressure and temperature could help us to deeply understand the interior structure, composition and physical property the icy satellites
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