The pharmacological management of depression

Abstract

Depressive disorders are common, recurrent, and chronic, and require treatment A review of the symptom picture and current drug targets demonstrates the need for accurate assessment of depression severity, including suicidality. The initial focus of treatment is rapid resolution of symptoms during an acute phase, followed by continuation. Maintenance treatment is indicated if the risk of recurrence is high. The range of available medications is considerable and the benefit/risk ratio is acceptable. Depression is diagnosable across the life span and treatable at every age (although recent disagreement has arisen with regard to young patients). Comorbidity, both psychiatric and medical, need to be assessed, as does the possible presence of two subtypes of depression (psychotic and bipolar) often requiring different interventions. It is expected that the next generation of antidepressants would be associated with more specific disease and outcome biomarkers.