Abstract
Flax seed oil is important food and nutrition sources. It has a low content of saturated fatty acids (9% of all the fatty acids), a moderate content of single saturated fatty acids (about 18%) and a high content of unsaturated fatty acids (about 73%). This oil can be used as a nutritional supplement and is significant in respect of containing omega-3 fatty acid, especially a high level of ALA and a low level of omega-6 fatty acids. The protein content of flax seed varies between 20-30%, and it contains a high level of globulin (linin and conlinin) and gluten. The proportion of non-protein nitrogen constitutes 21.7% of the total nitrogen content. The total nitrogen content has been reported as 3.25g/100 grams of seed. Today, flax seed stands out among the functional additives in the food industry due to the presence of α-linolenic acid, lignans and fibers in its content. Among the oils obtained from seeds, flax seed comes into prominence since it has high contents of α-linoleic acid (ALA, 18:3n-3) and lignans. Flax seed contains oil by 35-45%, and 45-52% of it consists of ALA. ALA is classified as omega-3 group fatty acid and has anti-inflammatory, antithrombotic and antiarrhythmic characteristics.
Highlights
Flax (Linum usitatissimum in Latin) is the most common species of the genus Linum in the family Linaceae
Chemical Composition of Flax Seed Oil Among the oils obtained from seeds, flax seed oil comes into prominence due to its high content of α-linolenic acid (ALA, 18: 3n-3) and lignans
Flax seed contains oil by 3545% and 45-52% of it consists of a source of vegetable omega 3 (ALA) (Bhatty, 1995) [5]
Summary
Flax (Linum usitatissimum in Latin) is the most common species of the genus Linum in the family Linaceae. Flax seed contains oil rich in omega-3, digestible proteins and lignans. Flax seed contains oil by 3545% and 45-52% of it consists of ALA (Bhatty, 1995) [5]. Embryos in the seed constitute the part with the highest oil content, by 75% (Bhatty, 1995) [8]. Seeds contain coarse substances by 25% (3-6% mucilage, 4-7% nutritional fibers) oil by 30-45%, protein by 20-27%, mineral, vitamin, lignan precursors, linustatin, neolinustatin, linamarine and enzyme by 3-5%. Flax seed oil obtained via the cold press technique without solvent extraction is suitable for human use, it is not recommended for cooking. This oil can be used as a nutritional supplement and is significant in respect of containing. The richest source of SDG1 is flax seed (7mg/g or 3.7 mg SECO 2/g) (Singh, 2011) [17]
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