Abstract

Flax seed oil is important food and nutrition sources. It has a low content of saturated fatty acids (9% of all the fatty acids), a moderate content of single saturated fatty acids (about 18%) and a high content of unsaturated fatty acids (about 73%). This oil can be used as a nutritional supplement and is significant in respect of containing omega-3 fatty acid, especially a high level of ALA and a low level of omega-6 fatty acids. The protein content of flax seed varies between 20-30%, and it contains a high level of globulin (linin and conlinin) and gluten. The proportion of non-protein nitrogen constitutes 21.7% of the total nitrogen content. The total nitrogen content has been reported as 3.25g/100 grams of seed. Today, flax seed stands out among the functional additives in the food industry due to the presence of α-linolenic acid, lignans and fibers in its content. Among the oils obtained from seeds, flax seed comes into prominence since it has high contents of α-linoleic acid (ALA, 18:3n-3) and lignans. Flax seed contains oil by 35-45%, and 45-52% of it consists of ALA. ALA is classified as omega-3 group fatty acid and has anti-inflammatory, antithrombotic and antiarrhythmic characteristics.

Highlights

  • Flax (Linum usitatissimum in Latin) is the most common species of the genus Linum in the family Linaceae

  • Chemical Composition of Flax Seed Oil Among the oils obtained from seeds, flax seed oil comes into prominence due to its high content of α-linolenic acid (ALA, 18: 3n-3) and lignans

  • Flax seed contains oil by 3545% and 45-52% of it consists of a source of vegetable omega 3 (ALA) (Bhatty, 1995) [5]

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Summary

INTRODUCTION

Flax (Linum usitatissimum in Latin) is the most common species of the genus Linum in the family Linaceae. Flax seed contains oil rich in omega-3, digestible proteins and lignans. Flax seed contains oil by 3545% and 45-52% of it consists of ALA (Bhatty, 1995) [5]. Embryos in the seed constitute the part with the highest oil content, by 75% (Bhatty, 1995) [8]. Seeds contain coarse substances by 25% (3-6% mucilage, 4-7% nutritional fibers) oil by 30-45%, protein by 20-27%, mineral, vitamin, lignan precursors, linustatin, neolinustatin, linamarine and enzyme by 3-5%. Flax seed oil obtained via the cold press technique without solvent extraction is suitable for human use, it is not recommended for cooking. This oil can be used as a nutritional supplement and is significant in respect of containing. The richest source of SDG1 is flax seed (7mg/g or 3.7 mg SECO 2/g) (Singh, 2011) [17]

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