Abstract
Publisher Summary This chapter presents a general plan for the pharmacological investigation, which permits a thorough appraisal of the toxicology of an antioxidant. Many compounds have been found to possess antioxidant properties, the more common compounds being gum guaiac, gallic acid, catechol, and hydroquinone. Naturally occurring antioxidants have received considerable attention, the purpose being to develop a nontoxic substance suitable for food use. Lecithin, cephalin, tocopherols, and products obtained from cereals, yeasts, sugars, and other food substances have been proposed. The criteria that are considered necessary for establishing the usefulness of a chemical as an antioxidant have been listed. Of the many chemicals proposed for antioxidant use and under active investigation, available pharmacological data on the compounds have been listed. The chapter tabulates a summary of the acute toxicity of the antioxidants. Chronic studies on propyl gallate have been conducted in animals such as guinea pigs and dogs, and lifetime feeding studies in rats have been carried out. The predominant pathologic lesions produced by the various antioxidants after lifetime feeding to rats have been summarized.
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