Abstract
The photoreceptor layer of the human retina has several characteristics that are unique. Their energy requirements are the highest in the organism; in proportion, rods and cones require 10-fold the energy consumed by the cerebral cortex, 6-fold more than the cardiac muscle, and 3-fold more than the renal cortex. Astonishingly, the photoreceptor layer has no blood vessels at all. So, where is the energy to this tissue coming from? In this article we’ll describe the hitherto unknown explanation.
Highlights
This paper aims to provide answers to the question: where does the energy for the human retina come from? The transduction of light by the retina uses huge amounts of energy
20 years old, healthy, that had suffered a blunt contusion in the left eye 10 days prior, with immediate vision loss and hard pain; during the first ten days, the patient was treated with steroids, and maximal therapy to lower the intraocular pressure; with no apparent success, and while evaluating the surgical option, the patient came to our office, and we offered him treatment to enhance the human photosynthesis; the patient and his family accepted
Again, when the surgical option seemed like the only option to avoid corneal complications, the patient came to my office; after examination, we offered the patient treatment based on human photosynthesis enhancement; the patient and his family accepted the treatment
Summary
This paper aims to provide answers to the question: where does the energy for the human retina come from? The transduction of light by the retina uses huge amounts of energy. Pyruvate is usually further oxidized in the mitochondria through the pyruvate dehydrogenase complex (PDH), the Krebs cycle and O2 respiration, to yield CO2 and water under the production of an additional 34 - 36 mol ATP per mol glucose [1] until we have ATP [2]. Until this point glucose is considered as source of biomass and energy at the same time. Recall that the normal environment of any eukaryotic cell is 70% to 90% water and the photoreceptor cell it’s not an exception
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