Abstract
Surtla is the entirely submarine volcanic pile of a satellite vent which was active shortly after initiation of the main Surtsey eruption. Blocks of lava and glassy elastic deposits collected from Surtla are of mildly alkaline olivine basalt and are compositionally the most evolved material determined from the Surtsey volcano. Petrographical and chemical analyses confirm the previously postulated continuum between the evolved (derivative) and more primitive (parental) compositions widely occurring in the Vestmannaeyjar volcanic system but not hitherto found in a single eruption. A compositionally zoned magma chamber is invoked.
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