Abstract
Australia is an island continent of about 7.7 MM km 2 with a coastline including that of Tasmania of about 36,700 km in length. It is of generally very low relief, averaging 300 m above sea level; the elevation of its highest point, in SE Australia, is only 2,228 m. The climate is mainly arid and hence there are no major rivers, although two large drainage basins occupy most of eastern Australia. The northern third of the continent lies within the tropics and experiences monsoonal weather conditions. The population is about 14 million, of whom over 70% are concentrated along the SE seaboard and 55% live in the major cities of Sydney and Melbourne.
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