Abstract
Brief cognitive screening instruments are used to identify patients presenting with cognitive symptoms that warrant further assessment. This study aimed to evaluate the reliability and validity of the Persian version of the Quick Mild Cognitive Impairment (Qmci-Pr) among middle-aged and older Iranian adults. Consecutive patients aged ≥55 years and caregivers attending with them as normal controls (NCs) were recruited from geriatric outpatient clinics and a hospital in Tehran, Iran. All patients completed the Qmci-Pr before completing an independent detailed neuropsychological assessment and staging using the Clinical Dementia Rating (CDR) Scale. NCs underwent the same assessment. In all, 92 participants with a median age of 70 years (±13) were available. Of these, 20 participants were NCs, 24 had subjective memory complaints (SMC), 24 had mild cognitive impairment (MCI), and 24 had Alzheimer’s disease (AD). The Qmci-Pr had good accuracy in differentiating SMC and NC from MCI (area under the curve (AUC): 0.80 (0.69–0.91)) and in identifying cognitive impairment (MCI and mild AD) (AUC: 0.87 (0.80–0.95)) with a sensitivity of 88% and specificity of 80%, at an optimal cut-off of <53/100. The Qmci-Pr is an accurate short cognitive screening impairment for separating NC and patients with SMC from MCI and identifying cognitive impairment. Further research with larger samples and comparison with other widely used instruments such as the Montreal Cognitive Assessment is needed. Given its established brevity, the Qmci-Pr is a useful screen for Iranian adults across the spectrum of cognitive decline.
Highlights
Neurocognitive disorders are a broad class of impairments in cognition, usually associated with aging [1,2]
Lower cognitive performance on the Quick Mild Cognitive Impairment (Qmci-Pr) and Clinical Dementia Rating (CDR) scales was observed in the Alzheimer’s disease (AD) group (Table 1)
The present study showed a high degree of internal consistency and homogeneity between items of the Qmci-Pr, confirming that the instrument had good construct validity among middle-aged and older Iranians and confirming the results of other studies [23,29]
Summary
Neurocognitive disorders are a broad class of impairments in cognition, usually associated with aging [1,2]. Neurocognitive disorders are classified as minor, including mild cognitive impairment (MCI), and when functional impairment is established, as major (i.e., dementia) [3]. Cognitive impairment hinders independence in everyday functioning. People with MCI remain autonomous [4], they may already have subtle deficiencies when performing complex activities [5]. Data show that approximately half of the patients diagnosed with MCI will transition to dementia within a short number of years [6]. The treatment and diagnosis of cognitive impairment have become an important public health issue in both developed regions and, increasingly, in developing low- and middle-income countries [7]. The prevalence of neurocognitive disorders, including both
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