The perioperative and long-term fates of patients with chronic limb-threatening ischaemia who underwent secondary major amputations.

Abstract

This study investigated the perioperative and long‐term fates of patients with chronic limb‐threatening ischemia (CLTI) who underwent secondary major amputations. From April 2010 to December 2018, 1653 CLTI patients primarily underwent endovascular therapy (EVT). Of these patients, 138 who underwent secondary major amputations were included in this study. The primary outcome measure was the mortality. Prognostic factors associated with perioperative (30‐day) and late mortality (after 30 days) were assessed. The 30‐day mortality was 9.6%. Patients who died during the perioperative period had lower ejection fractions on echocardiography than those in the perioperative survivors (49.5 ± 14.9% vs 58.6 ± 12.4%, P = .018). None of the other clinical characteristics were significantly associated with perioperative death. Two‐years postoperatively, 49.6%, 12.2%, and 4.3% of the patients had died, had contralateral amputations, and had additional above‐knee amputations, respectively. In the alive patients who had not undergone additional amputation at 2 years, only 25.9% were ambulatory, whereas 51.7% and 22.4% were in wheelchairs and bedridden, respectively. An age ≥80 years and serum albumin <3.0 g/dL were significantly associated with late mortality (P = .032 and P = .042, respectively). In conclusion, the perioperative and long‐term fates after secondary major amputation in CLTI patients who underwent EVT were considerably poor.