Abstract
A square sign pattern matrix A (whose entries are + ,- or 0 ) is said to be powerful if all the powers A , A 2 , A 3 , … , are unambiguously defined. For a powerful pattern A , if A l = A l + p with l and p minimal, then l is called the base of A and p is called the period of Li et al. [On the period and base of a sign pattern matrix, Linear Algebra Appl. 212/213 (1994) 101–120] characterized irreducible powerful sign pattern matrices. In this paper, we characterize reducible, powerful sign pattern matrices and give some new results on the period and base of a powerful sign pattern matrix.
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