Abstract
The upper limit performance (COPmax) of practical refrigerators is analyzed based on finite-time thermodynamics models, and the objective function of maximum cooling load with specified power input is chosen for optimization. Both the optimization results based on the endoreversible and low-dissipation models are extensively investigated for comparison. The predicted values of COPmax considering these two models are exactly the same under the condition that the heat conductance ratio and the dissipation ratio are equal, and the irreversibility factors coincide with each other. However, the optimized time length ratio (t1/t2) during the heat releasing (t1) and absorbing (t2) processes based on the low-dissipation model is smaller than that of the endoreversible model, and the designs of asymmetric heat exchanging duration (t1<t2) for the condenser and evaporator are recommended for practical refrigerators. In addition, the deviation between the practical (COP) and the theoretical upper limit (COPmax) performance for current air-to-air refrigerators is analyzed based on the experimental data available from the literature. The technical specification of 0.5COPmax < COP < COPmax and COPmax<5.5 can be concluded.
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